Analysis of shear characteristics and strength parameters in Jiangdingya landslide, Zhouqu County
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摘要:
研究古滑坡中堆积层的强度特性是进行滑坡稳定性验算及其防治的重要环节，为合理确定古滑坡堆积层稳定性分析中的强度参数，依托甘肃舟曲江顶崖古滑坡治理工程，以滑体土（碎石土）、滑带土（含砾黏土）为研究对象，分别取2个典型地段采用平推法进行现场大型剪切试验。将试验结果与基于工程类比法的力学参数建议值进行了对比分析，结果发现：（1）滑带土剪切应变较小时，剪应力-剪切位移关系曲线有交叉现象，土样的剪应力随正应力与剪应变的增大呈现递增；（2）滑体土正应力越大，应变软化表现得越明显；（3）滑坡土的残余强度较峰值强度有一定衰减，但主要表现为黏聚力的减弱，其内摩擦角几乎没有变化，是因为在滑体土发生剪切后，滑带土中的胶结物被破坏，胶结作用减弱；泄流坡滑体土的天然残余强度参数内摩擦角在18.2°到24.6°之间，黏聚力在10.2 kPa到12.4 kPa之间，滑体土的残余强度参数与工程类比值得到的参数更加接近；（4）舟曲江顶崖堆积层滑坡滑带土和滑体土的岩体力学参数建议值：滑带土黏聚力7.0～14.8 kPa，内摩擦角15.0°～17.5°；滑体土黏聚力15.8～30.9 kPa，内摩擦角23.9°～24.4°。
Abstract:Studying the strength characteristics of the accumulation layer in ancient landslides is an important aspect of landslide stability analysis and control. In order to reasonably determine the strength parameters in the stability analysis of ancient landslide accumulation layers, this study focuses on the Jiangdingya ancient landslide treatment project in Zhouqu County, Gansu Province. The study targets the the sliding body soil (gravel soil) and sliding zone soil (gravelly clay) and conducts large-scale field shear tests at two typical sections using the horizontal pushing method. The test results are compared and analyzed with the suggested mechanical parameters based on engineering analogy method. Based on the above research, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) When the shear strain of the sliding zone soil is small, the shear stress-shear displacement relationship curve has crossed, and the shear stress of the soil sample increases with the increase of normal stress and shear strain; (2) The larger the normal stress of the sliding body soil, the more significant the strain softening behavior; (3) The residual strength of the landslide soil has a certain attenuation compared to the peak strength, mainly manifested as a weakening of cohesion, while the internal friction angle remains almost unchanged. This is because the cementitious material in the sliding zone soil is destroyed after shear deformation, leading to a weakening of cementation. The natural residual strength parameters of the sliding body soil on the discharge slope are: the internal friction angle ranges from 18.2° to 24.6°, and the cohesion ranges from 10.2 kPa to 12.4 kPa. The residual strength parameters of the sliding body soil are closer to the values obtained by the engineering analogy method; (4) The recommended values of rock mass mechanical parameters for the sliding zone soil and sliding body soil of the accumulation layer landslide at Jiangdingya are as follows : For the sliding zone soil, the cohesion ranges from 7.0 kPa to 14.8 kPa, and the internal friction angle ranges from 15.0° to 17.5°; for the sliding body soil, the cohesion ranges from 15.8 kPa to 30.9 kPa, and the internal friction angles from 23.9° to 24.4°.
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Key words:
- ancient landslide /
- accumulation layer /
- in-situ shear test /
- shear strength /
- residual strength
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表 1 滑坡基本特征
Table 1. Basic characteristics of landslide
编号 类型 规模 主滑
方向
/（°）前缘
高程
/m后缘
高程
/m滑面形态 滑带特征 滑床特征 规模 长
/m宽
/m平均
厚度/m体积
/（104 m3）H 堆积层滑坡 1041 350 40.2 1493 221 1241 1593 折线形 炭质板岩碎屑 上部灰岩全风化层，
中下部碎石土特大型 H1 堆积层滑坡 553 210 26.5 382 225 1241 1418 折线形 黑色含砾黏土 碎石土 大型 
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表 2 滑坡岩土体物理力学性质参数
Table 2. Parameters of physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil mass of landslide
强度指标 滑带土 滑体土 含水率/% 11.85 13.1 天然密度/（g·cm−3） 2.02 1.99 干密度/（g·cm−3） 1.63 1.74 内摩擦角/（°） 16.40 21.8 黏聚力/kPa 6.40 11.3
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表 3 抗剪强度参数
Table 3. Shear strength parameters
试验
类型试件类型 抗剪峰值强度 残余强度 c/kPa φ/（°） c/kPa φ/（°） 现场
试验滑带土 14.7 19.7 — — 滑体土 30.9 24.4 15.8 23.9
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