Analysis of crack development in loess deep filled ground based on physical modelling tests
-
摘要:
裂缝是高填方工程中常见病害，常规手段难以精准预测裂缝的发育情况。为指导黄土高填方工程的抗裂缝设计，以陕北某黄土高填方工程中的典型沟谷断面为原型，采用土工离心模型试验预测黄土高填方场地潜在裂缝，结合现场监测方法，揭示裂缝产生机制，并调查分析工程场地内裂缝的孕裂环境、启裂条件、破裂过程，评估离心模型试验预测裂缝发育的有效性，提出适用于黄土高填方场地的裂缝防控措施。离心模型试验结果显示，不均匀沉降、水平位移会引起沟谷地形中的黄土高填方场地在挖填交界带内发育裂缝；离心模型试验与原型现场监测结果显示，原型与离心模型试验的裂缝分布位置相对应，填土厚度差异引起的不均匀沉降和朝向沟谷中心的水平位移产生的拉剪联合作用是裂缝产生的主要原因。
Abstract:Cracks are a common issue in deep filled construction projects, and conventional methods often struggle to accurately predict their development. To guide the anti-crack design for deep-filled loess projects, a prototype of a typical gully section from a northern Shaanxi project was selected. Geotechnical centrifuge model tests were utilized to predict potential cracks in the loess fill, with the cracking mechanisms elucidated through combined field monitoring. The study also investigates the conditions conducive to cracking, the fracture initiation of cracks, and the fracture processes within the project site. The effectiveness of using centrifuge model tests for predicting crack development was evaluated, and measures suitable for preventing and controlling cracks in high loess fill sites were proposed. The results indicate that uneven settlement and horizontal displacement cause cracks to develop in the excavation-fill boundary zone within gully terrain. Both centrifuge model tests and prototype field monitoring demonstrate that crack distributions in the prototype correspond to those in the tests, with differential fill thickness and horizontal displacement towards the center of the gully primarily responsible for the formation of cracks.
-
Key words:
- loess /
- deep filled ground /
- cracks /
- centrifuge model test /
- field monitoring
-
-
表 1 模型对应原型的表面沉降统计结果
Table 1. Statistical results of surface settlement for the model corresponding to the prototype
值 别 LDS1 LDS2 LDS3 LDS4 LDS5 LDS6 LDS7 原型填土厚度/m 112 112 86.4 67.2 48 32 32 总沉降/mm 2609 2806 2671 1961 1174 284 354 施工期沉降占比/% 77.1 79.1 79.8 75.9 77.3 51.4 77.4 变形倾度/% / LDS1～LDS2 LDS2～LDS3 LDS3～LDS4 LDS4～LDS5 LDS5～LDS6 LDS6～LDS7 0.82 0.53 3.70 4.10 5.56 0.44 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 离心模型试验中土压力观测结果
Table 2. Observations of soil pressure during the centrifuge model experiment
测点编号 E1 E2 E4 E5 E6 E7 模型中水平方向距离/cm 20 20 90 20 50 20 对应原型中水平方向距离/m 32 32 144 32 80 32 模型中埋深/cm 10 20 40 60 对应原型中埋深/m 16 32 64 96 计算值/kPa 296 591 591 1183 1183 1774 观测值/kPa 352 564 720 920 1225 1545
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 闫芙蓉,范文,邓龙胜,等. 地表水沿裂缝带入渗对路基路面的影响[J]. 长安大学学报(自然科学版),2010,30(2):34 − 38. [YAN Furong,FAN Wen,DENG Longsheng,et al. Influence of water seeping fracture and fissure on subgrade and pavement[J]. Journal of Chang’an University (Natural Science Edition),2010,30(2):34 − 38. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8879.2010.02.008
YAN Furong, FAN Wen, DENG Longsheng, et al. Influence of water seeping fracture and fissure on subgrade and pavement［J］. Journal of Chang’an University （Natural Science Edition）, 2010, 30（2）: 34 − 38. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8879.2010.02.008
[2] 赵文博,曹佳文,郭长宝,等. 甘肃岷县阳坡村大型古滑坡发育特征与稳定性评价[J]. 地质通报,2024,43(10):1869 − 1880. [ZHAO Wenbo,CAO Jiawen,GUO Changbao,et al. Developmental characteristics and stability simulation of Yangpo Village large-scale ancient landslides in Minxian County, Gansu Province[J]. Geological Bulletin of China,2024,43(10):1869 − 1880. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
ZHAO Wenbo, CAO Jiawen, GUO Changbao, et al. Developmental characteristics and stability simulation of Yangpo Village large-scale ancient landslides in Minxian County, Gansu Province［J］. Geological Bulletin of China, 2024, 43（10）: 1869 − 1880. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[3] 薛强,张茂省,董英,等. 基于DEM和遥感的黄土地质灾害精细化风险识别——以陕北黄土高原区米脂县为例[J]. 中国地质,2023,50(3):926 − 942. [XUE Qiang,ZHANG Maosheng,DONG Ying,et al. Refinement risk identification of loess geo-hazards based on DEM and remote sensing:Taking Mizhi County in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi as an example[J]. Geology in China,2023,50(3):926 − 942. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
XUE Qiang, ZHANG Maosheng, DONG Ying, et al. Refinement risk identification of loess geo-hazards based on DEM and remote sensing: Taking Mizhi County in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi as an example［J］. Geology in China, 2023, 50（3）: 926 − 942. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[4] 王云强,张少康,张萍萍,等. 黄土高原关键带土壤水文过程研究进展与展望[J]. 地质通报,2024,43(8):1346 − 1360. [WANG Yunqiang,ZHANG Shaokang,ZHANG Pingping,et al. Research progress and prospect of soil hydrological processes in critical zone of the Loess Plateau[J]. Geological Bulletin of China,2024,43(8):1346 − 1360. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
WANG Yunqiang, ZHANG Shaokang, ZHANG Pingping, et al. Research progress and prospect of soil hydrological processes in critical zone of the Loess Plateau［J］. Geological Bulletin of China, 2024, 43（8）: 1346 − 1360. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[5] 于永堂,郑建国,张继文,等. 黄土高填方场地裂缝的发育特征及分布规律[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2021,32(4):85 − 92. [YU Yongtang,ZHENG Jianguo,ZHANG Jiwen,et al. Development and distribution characteristics of ground fissures in high loess filled ground[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2021,32(4):85 − 92. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
YU Yongtang, ZHENG Jianguo, ZHANG Jiwen, et al. Development and distribution characteristics of ground fissures in high loess filled ground［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2021, 32（4）: 85 − 92. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[6] 马翔,赖国泉. 某山区机场高填方滑坡变形特征分析[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报,2019,30(4):16 − 23. [MA Xiang,LAI Guoquan. Analysis on deformation monitoring of a high fill landslide in a mountain airport[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2019,30(4):16 − 23. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
MA Xiang, LAI Guoquan. Analysis on deformation monitoring of a high fill landslide in a mountain airport［J］. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 2019, 30（4）: 16 − 23. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[7] 毛正君,于海泳,梁伟,等. 基于无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模的区域黄土滑坡识别及特征分析[J]. 中国地质,2024,51(2):561 − 576. [MAO Zhengjun,YU Haiyong,LIANG Wei,et al. Identification and feature analysis of regional loess landslides based on UAV tilt photogrammetry 3D modeling[J]. Geology in China,2024,51(2):561 − 576. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
MAO Zhengjun, YU Haiyong, LIANG Wei, et al. Identification and feature analysis of regional loess landslides based on UAV tilt photogrammetry 3D modeling［J］. Geology in China, 2024, 51（2）: 561 − 576. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[8] 陈林万,裴向军,张晓超,等. 不同压实度下黄土填方边坡失稳的模型试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2022,49(2):137 − 147. [CHEN Linwan,PEI Xiangjun,ZHANG Xiaochao,et al. A model test study of the instability of loess fill slope under different compactness[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022,49(2):137 − 147. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
CHEN Linwan, PEI Xiangjun, ZHANG Xiaochao, et al. A model test study of the instability of loess fill slope under different compactness［J］. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2022, 49（2）: 137 − 147. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[9] 余岱金,黄强兵,康孝森,等. 黄土填方边坡界面渗流破坏机制模型试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2022,49(5):119 − 128. [YU Daijin,HUANG Qiangbing,KANG Xiaosen,et al. A model test study of the interface seepage and failure mechanism of loess-filled slope[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022,49(5):119 − 128. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
YU Daijin, HUANG Qiangbing, KANG Xiaosen, et al. A model test study of the interface seepage and failure mechanism of loess-filled slope［J］. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2022, 49（5）: 119 − 128. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[10] 俞清荣. 高填方路基纵向裂缝的预防及处理措施[J]. 路基工程,2011(2):166 − 168. [YU Qingrong. Prevention and treatment measures of longitudinal cracks in high fill subgrade[J]. Subgrade Engineering,2011(2):166 − 168. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8825.2011.02.053
YU Qingrong. Prevention and treatment measures of longitudinal cracks in high fill subgrade［J］. Subgrade Engineering, 2011（2）: 166 − 168. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8825.2011.02.053
[11] SHERARD JAMES L. Embankment dam cracking[C]. Geotechnical Special Publication. New York:ASCE,1992:131 − 215.
[12] WANG J D,XU Y J,MA Y,et al. Study on the deformation and failure modes of filling slope in loess filling engineering:A case study at a loess mountain airport[J]. Landslides,2018,15(12):2423 − 2435.
[13] 刘守华,董津城,徐光明,等. 地下断裂对不同土质上覆土层的工程影响[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(11):1868 − 1874. [LIU Shouhua,DONG Jincheng,XU Guangming,et al. Influence on different overburden soils due to bedrock fracture[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(11):1868 − 1874. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2005.11.009
LIU Shouhua, DONG Jincheng, XU Guangming, et al. Influence on different overburden soils due to bedrock fracture［J］. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24（11）: 1868 − 1874. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2005.11.009
[14] 李青云,濮家骝,殷昆亭,等. 防渗墙施工引起堤防裂缝的离心模型试验研究[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版),2002,42(4):543 − 545. [LI Qingyun,PU Jialiu,YIN Kunting,et al. Analysis of levee cracking during diaphragm wall construction using centrifuge model tests[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University (Science and Technology),2002,42(4):543 − 545. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
LI Qingyun, PU Jialiu, YIN Kunting, et al. Analysis of levee cracking during diaphragm wall construction using centrifuge model tests［J］. Journal of Tsinghua University （Science and Technology）, 2002, 42（4）: 543 − 545. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[15] SHCHERBINA V I,OLYMPIEV D N. Numerical and centrifugal modeling of cracking in an earth-and-rockfill dam core[C]//Francis G. McLean. Centrifuge 91. Nether- lands:Balkema A A,1991,67 − 72.
[16] 朱维新. 用离心模型研究土石坝心墙裂缝[J]. 岩土工程学报,1994,16(6):82 − 95. [ZHU Weixin. Study on cracks in core wall of earth-rock dam with centrifugal model[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,16(6):82 − 95. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.1994.06.010
ZHU Weixin. Study on cracks in core wall of earth-rock dam with centrifugal model［J］. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1994, 16（6）: 82 − 95. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.1994.06.010
[17] 张丙印,张美聪,孙逊. 土石坝横向裂缝的土工离心机模型试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2008,29(5):1254 − 1258. [ZHANG Bingyin,ZHANG Meicong,SUN Xun. Centrifugal modeling of transverse cracking in earth core dams[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(5):1254 − 1258. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2008.05.020
ZHANG Bingyin, ZHANG Meicong, SUN Xun. Centrifugal modeling of transverse cracking in earth core dams［J］. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2008, 29（5）: 1254 − 1258. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7598.2008.05.020
[18] 牛起飞, 侯瑜京, 梁建辉, 等. 坝肩变坡引起心墙裂缝和水力劈裂的离心模型试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报,2010,32(12):1935 − 1941. [NIU Qifei, HOU Yujing, LIANG Jianhui, et al. Centrifuge modeling of cracking and hydraulic fracturing in core dams induced by abrupt change of bank slope[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(12):1935 − 1941. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
NIU Qifei, HOU Yujing, LIANG Jianhui, et al. Centrifuge modeling of cracking and hydraulic fracturing in core dams induced by abrupt change of bank slope［J］. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010, 32（12）: 1935 − 1941. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[19] 濮家骝. 土工离心模型试验及其应用的发展趋势[J]. 岩土工程学报,1996,18(5):96 − 98. [PU Jialiu. Geotechnical centrifuge model test and its application development trend[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1996,18(5):96 − 98. (in Chinese)]
PU Jialiu. Geotechnical centrifuge model test and its application development trend［J］. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1996, 18（5）: 96 − 98. （in Chinese）
[20] 国家质量技术监督局,中华人民共和国建设部. 土工试验方法标准:GB/T 50123—1999[S]. 北京:中国计划出版社,1999. [Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China. Standard for soil test method:GB/T 50123—1999[S]. Beijing:China Planning Press,1999. (in Chinese)]
Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China. Standard for soil test method: GB/T 50123—1999［S］. Beijing: China Planning Press, 1999. （in Chinese）
[21] 蒋关鲁,胡润忠,李安洪. 离心模型试验预测中等压缩性土地基沉降的可行性[J]. 交通运输工程学报,2011,11(6):17 − 23. [JIANG Guanlu,HU Runzhong,LI Anhong. Feasibility of predicting settlement of medium compression soil foundation with centrifuge model tests[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2011,11(6):17 − 23. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
JIANG Guanlu, HU Runzhong, LI Anhong. Feasibility of predicting settlement of medium compression soil foundation with centrifuge model tests［J］. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2011, 11（6）: 17 − 23. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[22] 章为民,徐光明. 土石坝填筑过程的离心模拟方法[J]. 水利学报,1997,28(2):8 − 13. [ZHANG Weimin,XU Guangming. Study on modeling the construction process of embankment dams in centrifugal test[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1997,28(2):8 − 13. (in Chinese)] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0559-9350.1997.02.002
ZHANG Weimin, XU Guangming. Study on modeling the construction process of embankment dams in centrifugal test［J］. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1997, 28（2）: 8 − 13. （in Chinese） doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0559-9350.1997.02.002
[23] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. 土工离心模型试验规程:DL/T 5012—1999[S]. 北京:中国电力出版社,2013. [The National Standards Compilation Group of People's Republic of China:DL/T 5012—1999[S]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2023. (in Chinese)]
The National Standards Compilation Group of People's Republic of China: DL/T 5012—1999［S］. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2023. （in Chinese）
[24] 杨雪强,何世秀,庄心善. 土木工程中的成拱效应[J]. 湖北工学院学报,1994,9(1):1 − 7. [YANG Xueqiang,HE Shixiu,ZHUANG Xinshan. Arch forming effect in civil engineering[J]. Journal of Hubei University of Technology,1994,9(1):1 − 7. (in Chinese with English abstract)]
YANG Xueqiang, HE Shixiu, ZHUANG Xinshan. Arch forming effect in civil engineering［J］. Journal of Hubei University of Technology, 1994, 9（1）: 1 − 7. （in Chinese with English abstract）
[25] 陆士强. 填土的断裂机理[J]. 岩土工程学报,1980,2(2):20 − 25. [LU Shiqiang. The mechanism of fracture of compacted soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1980,2(2):20 − 25. (in Chinese with English abstract)] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.1980.02.003
LU Shiqiang. The mechanism of fracture of compacted soils［J］. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1980, 2（2）: 20 − 25. （in Chinese with English abstract） doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4548.1980.02.003
[26] 李广信. 高等土力学[M]. 2版. 北京:清华大学出版社,2016. [LI Guangxin. Advanced soil mechanics second edition[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2016. (in Chinese)]
LI Guangxin. Advanced soil mechanics second edition［M］. 2nd ed. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2016. （in Chinese）
[27] 中国工程建设标准化协会. 黄土高填方场地与地基技术规程:T/CECS 1430—2023[S]. 北京:中国计划出版社,2023. [China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization. Technical specification for loess high fill site and foundation:T/CECS 1430—2023[S]. Beijing:China Planning Press,2023. (in Chinese)]
China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization. Technical specification for loess high fill site and foundation: T/CECS 1430—2023［S］. Beijing: China Planning Press, 2023. （in Chinese）
-
图(11)
表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 201
- PDF下载数: 33
- 施引文献: 0