Changes and migrations in the paleoposition of the East China Sea: Evidence from paleomagnetic records
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摘要:
东海盆地作为西太平洋汇聚大陆边缘盆地体系的重要组成部分，其起源与运动过程存在诸多争议，目前就存在着是“华南地块的一部分”还是“外来微陆块”两种不同认识。为明确东海盆地早白垩世以来的古位置变化，本文首次对东海盆地内9口钻井的白垩系—始新统岩芯进行了系统采样和古地磁实验测试研究，分析结果表明，东海盆地在早白垩世—中始新世时期一直处于15°N至30°N之间的低纬度位置，且其方位与现代方位基本一致，与华南地块之间表现出密切的古地理位置关系和构造亲缘性。对东海与华南的古位置对比分析表明，自早白垩世早期（约134 Ma）至中始新世（约40 Ma）期间，东海始终位于华南的东南位置，二者经历了纬度差持续缩小、位置逐渐靠近的三阶段过程：① 从早白垩世早期至早古新世早期（约134～65 Ma），东海与华南之间的纬度差从9.0°缓慢降至6.2°；② 从早古新世早期到中古新世末（约65～60 Ma），二者之间的纬度差从6.2°快速降至1.2°；③ 从中古新世末到中始新世（约60～40 Ma），二者之间的纬度差为1.2°～2.0°，东海与华南之间基本形成了现今空间格局，开始一体化同步运动。本研究确认了东海与华南地块之间早白垩世以来的构造亲缘性，对于东海盆地的构造演化过程研究和油气资源潜力评价具有重要意义。
Abstract:As an important part of the western Pacific convergent marginal basin system, the origin and movement history of the East China Sea Basin is still controversial, especially the paleopositional relationship between the East China Sea and the South China Block, which remains unclear. To clarify the paleolocation changes of the East China Sea Basin since the Early Cretaceous, we conducted a systematic paleomagnetic study using Cretaceous-Eocene samples from nine boreholes in the East China Sea Basin. Results show that the East China Sea Basin was located at a low latitude between 15°N and 30°N during the Early Cretaceous to Middle Eocene epoches, and its paleo-orientation was largely the same to the modern one, showing a close paleogeographical relationship and tectonic affinity with the South China Block. The comparative analysis of the paleoposition of the East China Sea and South China Block showed that the East China Sea had always been located in the southeast of the South China Block from the Early Cretaceous (~134 Ma) to the Middle Eocene (~40 Ma). During this period, the latitudinal difference between the two had continued to narrow down, and their positions became closer after experiencing three stages of change: (1) From the Early Cretaceous to the Early Paleocene (~134 - ~65 Ma), the latitudinal difference between the East China Sea and South China Block decreased slowly from 9.0° to 6.2°; (2) from the Early Paleocene to the end of the Middle Paleocene (~65 - ~60 Ma), the latitudinal difference between the two decreased rapidly from 6.2° to 1.2°; (3) from the end of the Middle Paleocene to the Middle Eocene (~60 - ~40 Ma), the latitudinal difference ranged from 1.2° to 2.0°, and a spatial pattern similar to the modern one was formed between the East China Sea and South China Block, with synchronous movement. This study confirmed the tectonic affinity between the East China Sea and the South China Block since the Early Cretaceous, holding significant implications for research on the tectonic evolution of the East China Sea Basin and the evaluation of its hydrocarbon resource potential.
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表 1 东海盆地钻井古地磁样品采集
Table 1. Specifications of the paleomagnetic samples collected from the East China Sea Basin
采样点编号 采样钻井 地层 年代/Ma 岩性 样品数量 S1 W-1 白垩系石门潭组 134 安山岩 13 S2 W-2 白垩系石门潭组 108.5～105.7 凝灰岩 13 S3 W-3 古新统美人峰组 66～61 砂岩 12 S4 W-4 古新统月桂峰组 66～61 砂岩 13 S5 W-4, W-5 古新统灵峰组-明月峰组 61～56 砂岩 22 S6 W-6, W-7, W-8, W-9 始新统宝石组-平湖组 49～34 砂岩 28 注：地层年代据文献[42]。 
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表 2 东海样品古地磁分析结果
Table 2. Paleomagnetic results of the samples from the East China Sea
年代 采样点
编号岩性 样品数量
n磁倾角
Inc /(°)磁倾角置信
区间α95/ (°)精度参数
κ采样点古纬度
λ0 /(°)参考点古纬度
λ /(°)古纬度置信
区间Δλ /(°)134 S1 安山岩 12 33.5 6.9 40.8 18.3 18.7 4.5 108.5～105.7 S2 凝灰岩 7 37.2 9.3 43.2 20.8 21.4 6.4 66～61 S3 砂岩 9 35.4 8.4 37.2 19.6 18.0 5.6 66～61 S4 砂岩 7 27.5 7.6 63.9 14.6 18.1 4.5 61～56 S5 砂岩 12 31.2 6.9 40.9 16.8 20.3 4.3 49～34 S6 砂岩 14 43.7 10.5 15.4 25.5 26.4 8.2
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