Diagenetic environments indicated by key metal element systems in cold seep sediments
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摘要:
冷泉活动是海底甲烷渗漏的重要表现形式，对全球碳循环和海洋极端环境的地球化学过程具有重要意义。利用冷泉沉积物中的金属元素体系重建早期成岩环境是理解冷泉区生物地球化学过程、揭示甲烷渗漏活动特征与历史演变的重要途径。本文系统阐述了冷泉环境中关键金属元素体系（Fe、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、As、Hg、Mo、W、U、Ba及REE）的生物地球化学行为，并梳理了其代表性指标在冷泉研究中的应用。现有研究主要聚焦于两类科学问题：揭示甲烷渗漏主导的复杂氧化还原条件演变，以及示踪与冷泉系统紧密相关的生物地球化学过程（特别是微生物代谢活动）。研究强调，冷泉系统不同成岩过程的多重影响使得单一元素指标的应用存在局限性，多指标综合应用与地质背景的精细分析对准确解读冷泉环境信息至关重要。未来研究应重点关注高分辨率原位微区分析技术以及金属稳定同位素体系的应用。
Abstract:Cold seep activity is a significant manifestation of seafloor methane seepage, playing a crucial role in global carbon cycling and the geochemical processes of extreme marine environments. Reconstructing early diagenetic environments using metal element systems in cold seep sediments is the key for understanding the biogeochemical processes and revealing the characteristics and historical evolution of methane seepage activities. This review systematically expounds on the biogeochemical behaviors of main metal element systems (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, As, Hg, Mo, W, U, Ba, and REE) in cold seep environment and synthesizes the applications of their representative proxies in cold seep research. Current research focuses primarily on two scientific aspects: revealing the evolution of complex redox conditions dominated by methane seepage and tracing the specific biogeochemical processes closely linked to the cold seep systems, particularly microbial metabolic activities. This study emphasizes that due to the multiple impacts of different diagenetic processes within cold seep systems, the application of any single element proxy has its limitations. Therefore, the integrated application of multi-proxy systems in combination with detailed analysis of the geological background is crucial for accurate interpretation of environmental information. Future research shall focus on the application of high-resolution in-situ microanalytical techniques and metal stable isotope systems.
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