巽他陆架东部新生代地震地层特征与沉积演化

王慧婷, 吴南. 巽他陆架东部新生代地震地层特征与沉积演化[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2025, 45(4): 98-116. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2025061202
引用本文: 王慧婷, 吴南. 巽他陆架东部新生代地震地层特征与沉积演化[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2025, 45(4): 98-116. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2025061202
WANG Huiting, WU Nan. Cenozoic seismic stratigraphic and sedimentary evolution of the Eastern Sunda Shelf[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2025, 45(4): 98-116. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2025061202
Citation: WANG Huiting, WU Nan. Cenozoic seismic stratigraphic and sedimentary evolution of the Eastern Sunda Shelf[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2025, 45(4): 98-116. doi: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2025061202

巽他陆架东部新生代地震地层特征与沉积演化

  • 基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(22120250147)
详细信息
    作者简介: 王慧婷(2002—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事反射地震数据解释,E-mail:huitingwang@tongji.edu.cn
    通讯作者: 吴南(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事地震地层学与深水沉积学研究,E-mail: nanwu@tongji.edu.cn
  • 中图分类号: P736

Cenozoic seismic stratigraphic and sedimentary evolution of the Eastern Sunda Shelf

More Information
  • 巽他陆架是全球最大低纬陆架之一,在连接亚洲大陆与赤道海洋系统、调控热带气候变化与物质输运过程中具有重要意义。其东部地区新生代地层保存较为完整,系统地记录了陆相与海相沉积体系在垂向上的频繁交替充填过程,是研究巽他陆架沉积演化与古环境变迁的重要载体。然而,目前针对该区域的地震地层学研究仍较为薄弱,导致对盆地内部地震地层特征与沉积演化过程尚不清晰。基于总长度约12000 km、覆盖面积约80000 km2的高质量二维反射地震数据,通过识别关键地质界面,构建区域性地震地层格架,开展地震相–沉积相综合分析,从而揭示了新生代沉积充填与构造演化过程。自晚始新世至今,研究区共识别出8个关键地震反射界面(H0–海底)与相应的7个地震地层单元(SU1–SU7),识别出分别代表陆相和海相的10种典型地震相(SF1–SF10)。地震地层与地震相分析表明,巽他陆架东部新生代充填演化历经了4个主要阶段:晚始新世—早渐新世的断陷期(SU1)、晚渐新世—早中新世的断拗期(SU2)、早中新世—晚中新世的构造反转期(SU3)以及自晚中新世以来的区域沉降期(SU4–SU7)。演化过程受到构造活动与海平面升降的双重控制:单元SU1–SU3的形成主要受控于区域构造格局的转变,经历了伸展断陷、稳定热沉降到挤压反转的演化过程,沉积环境由陆地逐渐向浅海演变。而单元SU4–SU7的形成则与大规模海平面下降事件关系密切,沉积环境由浅海—半深海逐步转变为河流、三角洲与浅海体系频繁交替发育的沉积格局。本研究建立的区域性地震地层格架,揭示了巽他陆架东部沉积–构造充填演化历史,为区域古气候重建和未来大洋钻探站位优选提供了来自反射地震的关键依据。

  • 加载中
  • 图 1  研究区地理位置及测线分布

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  研究区新生界地层系统

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  研究区南北向区域地震剖面与解释

    Figure 3. 

    图 4  研究区东西向区域地震剖面与解释

    Figure 4. 

    图 5  典型地震相

    Figure 5. 

    图 6  关键地震反射界面(H0–海底)构造图

    Figure 6. 

    图 7  H3界面反射地震特征

    Figure 7. 

    图 8  H4界面反射地震特征

    Figure 8. 

    图 9  H5和H6界面反射地震特征

    Figure 9. 

    图 10  地震地层单元(SU1–SU7)厚度图

    Figure 10. 

    图 11  研究区斜坡带东西向地震剖面

    Figure 11. 

    图 12  研究区南部东西向地震剖面

    Figure 12. 

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出版历程
收稿日期:  2025-06-12
修回日期:  2025-07-07
录用日期:  2025-07-07
刊出日期:  2025-08-28

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