The redefinition and correlation of the Upper Triassic lithostratigraphic framework in the Qiangtang Basin, Tibet Plateau
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摘要:
羌塘盆地上三叠统岩石地层格架的厘定及对比是研究该时期沉积-构造演化和油气资源评价的关键。羌塘盆地晚三叠世地层分布广泛，但由于研究程度低，区域地层划分及对比研究一直较为薄弱，制约了对该地区区域地质的认识。文章在系统收集前人资料和地质浅钻最新成果的基础上，从岩石组合、沉积序列、沉积环境、地层接触关系、生物地层学和年代地层学等方面，对上三叠统各岩石地层单元进行了详细的总结，重新评述和厘定了该时期南、北羌塘岩石地层格架，并提出了新的地层划分对比方案。资料显示羌塘盆地上三叠统各地层之间既存在同期异相关系又有新老接触关系。为了进一步全面认识该时期羌塘盆地岩石地层格架，建议将坳陷区晚三叠世下部地层自下而上统一划为甲丕拉组、波里拉组和巴贡组，而中央隆起区仍沿用肖切保组、角木茶卡组和扎那组名称，其时代可能为卡尼期—诺利期；将晚三叠世诺利期—瑞替期火山-沉积序列统一划归那底岗日组，其与下伏地层之间以平行不整合面或角度不整合接触面为界。同时，保留指示了特殊沉积环境的菊花山组、日干配错组和索布查组名称。
Abstract:The redefinition and correlation of Upper Triassic lithostratigraphic framework in Qiangtang Basin are key to understand their sedimentary-tectonic evolution and evaluate the oil-gas resources. The Late Triassic strata are widely distributed in Qiangtang Basin, but the researches on stratigraphic division and correlation are poor, which have hindered the regional geological understanding on the Qiangtang Basin. In this study, we systematically summarized all the Upper Triassic lithostratigraphic units on rock associations, sedimentary sequences, depositional environment, contact relation of strata, fossil, and chronostratigraphy based on the previous research and latest drilling data, and then redefined the Upper Triassic lithostratigraphic framework in the South and North Qiangtang, and finally proposed the new scheme of stratigraphic correlation. The data shows that the contact relation exists in both contemporaneous heterophase and top-bottom of the Upper Triassic strata in the Qiangtang Basin. In order to further understand the Upper Triassic lithostratigraphic framework of the Qiangtang Basin, we suggested using the Jiapila, Bolila, and Bagong Formations to represent the lower part of the Upper Triassic in the depression upward, while using the Xiaoqiebao, Jiaomuchaka, and Zana Formations in the central uplift area, which may be attributed to the Carnian-Norian age. In addition, the Nadi Kangri Formation is uniformly used to represent the Late Triassic Norian-Rhaetian volcanic-sedimentary sequence, which is parallel or angular unconformity with the lower strata. In addition, the Juhuashan Formation, Rigan Peico Formation and Suobucha Formations are still remained because these lithostratigraphic units have special significance on indicating sedimentary environment.
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图 8 南羌塘坳陷索布查组生物化石、C-S同位素及沉积特征（据Hu et al., 2020, 2023; Tang et al., 2023修改）
Figure 8.
表 1 羌塘盆地上三叠统地层划分沿革表
Table 1. Stratigraphic division history of the Upper Triassic in Qiangtang Basin
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表 2 羌塘盆地上三叠统地层划分对比方案
Table 2. Scheme of the Upper Triassic stratigraphic division and correlation in the Qiangtang Basin
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