Progress and prospective analysis of natural hydrogen investigation research in Shangyi-Zhangbei area
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摘要:
在全球能源转型背景下，天然氢已成为新能源领域的研究热点，许多国家陆续开展了针对天然氢的调查工作。结合前人的研究成果，将已发现有H2逸出显示的张北盆地作为天然氢研究重点区域，选择在尚义—张北地区开展地质、土壤气体地球化学、重力及大地电磁测深调查研究工作。结果表明: 尚义—张北地区土壤的H2异常围绕胡家洼—马驹沟呈周边高、中间低的环形分布特征，部分采样点土壤H2浓度超过5 000×10-6; 氢同位素δD为-567‰~-461‰，表明H2主要为幔源成因。依据重力和大地电磁测深结果，推断出12条隐伏断裂和3个沉积凹陷，并解译了盆地基底埋深和构造格架。断裂是连接深部氢源的有利通道，早白垩世和古近纪—新近纪的沉积组合具备储气潜力，泥岩和致密块状玄武岩流起到了圈闭盖层的作用。通过综合分析，划定H2逸出较少且被玄武岩流覆盖的沉积凹陷区域作为天然氢勘查有利区，面积约590 km2。研究可为尚义—张北地区天然氢的进一步勘探提供依据。
Abstract:Under the background of the global energy transition, natural hydrogen has emerged as a research hotspot in the field of new energy, and many countries have successively launched investigations into natural hydrogen. On the basis of previous research findings, Zhangbei Basin, with the presence of H2 escape, is designated as a key area for natural hydrogen research. Then, geological, soil gas geochemical, gravity, and magnetotelluric sounding investigations were carried out in Shangyi-Zhangbei area. The results reveal that soil H2 anomaly in Shangyi-Zhangbei area exhibits a ring-shaped distribution pattern with high values in the periphery and low values in the center around Hujiawa-Majugou. H2 concentration in some sampling points exceeds 5, 000×10-6. Hydrogen isotope analysis (δD values ranging from -567‰ to -461‰) indicates that H2 is predominantly of mantle-derived origin. Twelve hidden faults and 3 sedimentary depressions have been identified according to gravity and magnetotelluric sounding results, and the basement depth and tectonic framework of the basin have been interpreted. It is considered that faults are favorable channels connecting deep hydrogen sources. The sedimentary assemblages of the Cretaceous and the Paleogene-Neogene have the potential for gas storage. Mudstones and dense massive basalt flows play the role of trap caprocks. The sedimentary sag areas with less H2 escape and covered by basalt flows were delimited as favorable areas for further exploration of natural hydrogen, after comprehensive analysis, with an area of approximately 590 km2. This study could provide basis for further exploration of natural hydrogen in Shangyi-Zhangbei area.
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表 1 土壤H2浓度统计参数特征
Table 1. Characteristics of statistical parameters of H2 concentration in soil
H2浓度/10-6 极值比 变异系数 最大值 最小值 平均值 中位数 背景值 标准差 异常下限 1 000 1 200 84 5 266 220 1 000 1.33 
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表 2 凹陷区土壤H2浓度统计参数特征
Table 2. Statistical characteristics of soil H2 concentration in the depression area
位置 H2浓度/10-6 总样本数/个 最大值 最小值 平均值 中位数 下四分位数 上四分位数 标准离差 胡家洼凹陷 967 1 142 74 34 180 179 113 马驹沟凹陷 1 000 1 186 84 30 219 250 248 凹陷区外 1 000 1 210 86 33 262 276 1 156
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