Characteristics and controls of super-thick carbonate reservoirs: A case study of piedmont fold zone in T oilfield of Zagros Basin
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摘要:
扎格罗斯山前带T油田白垩系发育厚达800 m的碳酸盐岩储集体，由于受多种因素联合控制，呈现出较强的非均质性，严重制约着油藏精细表征和开发方案的制定。基于对地震属性、岩心、测井、试井、裂缝建模等多方面资料的综合研究，明确了Shiranish组和Kometan组主要发育裂缝型储集体，Qamchuqa组白云岩发育晶间溶孔、小溶洞和裂缝，是研究区储集体最发育的层段，整体表现为明显的层控、断控和构造部位控制特征。提出了T油田储集体发育的主要控制因素: ①白云岩晶间溶孔(洞)与准同生白云岩化作用、岩溶作用、浅滩相、热液云化作用有密切的成因联系; ②褶皱与断裂作用是裂缝发育的根本原因，裂缝发育程度主要受岩性、泥质含量和基质孔隙度等因素控制; ③裂缝与基质孔隙的叠加发育程度及其纵向和平面连通差异是导致储层强非均质性的关键因素。上述认识为油田井位部署和开发方案的编制提供了重要参考依据。
Abstract:The Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs with the thickness of more than 800 m were developed in piedmont fold zone in T oilfield of Zagros Basin. Due to a variety of controlling factors, these reservoirs show strong heterogeneities, which seriously restricts fine characterization of reservoirs and the development plan. The mainly developed froctured reservoirs in Shiranish and Kometan Formation were clarified on the basis of seismic attributes, core, well logging, well testing, fracture modeling and other data. The dolostones in Qamqucha Formation have intercrystalline dissolved pores, vugs and fractures, which are the most developed reservoir units in this area. As a whole, the three formations show obvious characteristics of strata-controlled, fault-controlled and structural position control. The main causes of reservoir development in this oilfield were proposed. ① The intercrystalline dissolution pores (vugs) of dolostones were closely related to penecontemporaneous dolomitization, karstification, shoal facies and hydrothermal alteration. ② The folding and faulting were the fundamental causes of fracture development in this area, and the degree of fracture development was mainly affected by lithology, shale content and structural position. ③ The degree of fracture development superimposed matrix pores and the difference of vertical and plane connectivity were the key factors of strong heterogeneity in this oilfield. These understandings could provide the basis for well placement and development formulation.
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Key words:
- super-thick carbonate /
- reservoir /
- development characteristic /
- control factor /
- T oilfield /
- Zagros Basin
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