Arsenic contamination caused by roxarsone transformation with spatiotemporal variation of microbial community structure in a column experiment
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Abstract:
Arsenic contamination from roxarsone in livestock manure is common, and livestock manure continuously accumulates in the open environment. Evaluations of the environmental processes of As mobilization and transformation are critical for predicting the fate of As compounds after roxarsone degradation. In this study, spatiotemporal variations in As species and microbial community structure were characterized using laboratory column experiments with background soil collected from Yanggu County (northern Shandong Plain, China), a region of intense poultry production. Organic and inorganic arsenic were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS), respectively. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to describe microbial diversity. Results showed that roxarsone was transformed completely within 7 days, and As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) were the major degradation products. The concentration of As(Ⅲ) was much lower than that of As(Ⅴ). The As(Ⅲ) concentration increased significantly after Day 14, whereas the As(Ⅴ) concentration increased significantly after Day 84, indicating that As(Ⅲ) was initially produced. The microbial community structure changed significantly as roxarsone transformed into various As compounds. A critical and dominant bacterial strain, norank_f__Family_XVⅢ, was found to be related to the degradation of roxarsone into As(Ⅲ). This study improves our understanding of the fate of As species released from poultry litter to soil and groundwater, which is a threat to human health and environment.
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Key words:
- Arsenic /
- Roxarsone /
- Spatiotemporal variation /
- Microbial community
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Table 1. The chemical composition of soil
Chemical compounds SiO2 Al2O3 CaO Fe2O3 MgO K2O Na2O TiO2 Others Proportion (%) 64.65 15.22 6.54 4.46 2.89 2.68 1.81 0.802 0.948 
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Table 2. Correlation analysis of arsenic (As) species and chemical elements
As(Ⅴ) As(Ⅲ) Nitrogen content TOC Pearson correlation Significance (bilateral) Pearson correlation Significance (bilateral) Pearson correlation Significance (bilateral) Pearson correlation Significance (bilateral) Mg −0.596**(1) 0.000 −0.333*(2) 0.031 −0.041 0.798 −0.180 0.255 Al −0.430** 0.005 −0.232 0.139 −0.163 0.303 −0.144 0.361 P −0.029 0.853 0.011 0.947 −0.111 0.482 0.141 0.375 K −0.220 0.161 −0.101 0.526 −0.227 0.149 −0.125 0.429 Ca −0.351* 0.023 −0.181 0.252 −0.370* 0.016 −0.275 0.078 Mn −0.282 0.070 −0.089 0.576 −0.290 0.063 −0.224 0.154 Fe −0.148 0.349 −0.024 0.881 −0.271 0.082 −0.066 0.676 Cu 0.013 0.934 0.090 0.571 −0.296 0.057 0.014 0.927 Zn −0.196 0.213 −0.071 0.656 −0.300 0.053 −0.214 0.174 Pb 0.191 0.225 0.209 0.184 −0.246 0.117 0.105 0.509 As(Ⅴ) 1.000 0.448** 0.003 −0.079 0.618 0.303 0.051 As(Ⅲ) 0.448** 0.003 1.000 −0.182 0.249 0.100 0.529 Nitrogen content −0.079 0.618 −0.182 0.249 1.000 0.443** 0.003 TOC 0.303 0.051 0.100 0.529 0.443** 0.003 1.000 Note: (1) ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level; (2)* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level.
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