Study on Occurrence States of Rare Metal Elements in a Granite Pegmatite Pattern Niobium-Tantalum Ore in Henan
-
摘要:
稀有金属元素赋存状态研究可为稀有金属矿产勘察、矿物加工和冶金工艺方法的选择提供基础资料和理论依据。本文以河南某地花岗伟晶岩岩型铌钽矿石为研究对象，综合利用化学分析、X-射线衍射、光学显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱等测试方法，对矿石中稀有金属元素的赋存状态进行了研究。结果表明：铌、钽主要以独立矿物铌钽锰矿-钽铌锰矿、细晶石形式存在，很少量以类质同象形式赋存在锡石中；铍主要以独立矿物绿柱石形式存在。可回收的矿物为铌钽锰矿、钽铌锰矿、细晶石和绿柱石。此矿床铌钽品位低、赋存状态较复杂，建议采用重选、强磁选、摇床等联合选矿工艺回收铌钽。
Abstract:Study on occurrence states of rare metal elements provides basic date and theoretical basis for prospecting, processing and selecting metallurgical process of the rare metal ore. In this paper, niobium-tantalum ore from a granite-pegmatite in Henan Province was analyzed by means of chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, polarization optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, the occurrence states of rare metal elements was discussed. The results showed that niobium and tantalum occur in niobium-tantalum minerals and microlite, mainly exist as independent minerals. In addition, a small quantity of niobium and tantalum occurs in cassiterite and exists as isomorphism. Beryllium occurs in beryl and exists as independent mineral. The recoverable minerals are niobium-tantalum minerals, microlite and beryl. In this deposit, niobium and tantalum are of low grade and complex occurrence state, so it is suggested to recycle niobium and tantalum by gravity separation, strong magnetic separation and shaking table.
-
Key words:
- Rare metal elements /
- Occurrence states /
- Granite pegmatite /
- Niobium-tantalum minerals
-
-
表 1 钽铌锰矿-铌钽锰矿能谱分析结果/%
Table 1. SEM energy spectrum analysis of Col-Tan
矿物 Nb Ta Fe Mn O Na Al Ca Nb/Ta Fe/Mn 钽铌锰矿 44.73 23.44 5.67 10.52 15.64 1.91 0.54 钽铌锰矿 38.58 22.2 6.95 7.89 24.39 1.74 0.88 钽铌锰矿 47.01 12.69 7.20 8.18 24.41 0.29 0.22 3.70 0.88 钽铌锰矿 37.82 21.30 5.84 8.47 25.71 0.06 0.81 1.78 0.69 钽铌锰矿 49.24 23.79 17.65 9.32 2.07 0.00 钽铌锰矿 39.82 35.41 15.71 9.05 1.12 0.00 钽铌锰矿 49.31 20.57 2.37 14.81 12.94 2.40 0.16 钽铌锰矿 48.11 19.70 2.50 15.66 14.04 2.44 0.16 铌钽锰矿 28.99 34.91 14 22.1 0.83 0.00 铌钽锰矿 28.32 35.56 13.58 22.54 0.80 0.00 铌钽锰矿 26.08 37.97 13.70 21.21 1.04 0.69 0.00 铌钽锰矿 19.75 57.89 14.36 8 0.34 0.00 铌钽锰矿 13.51 65.63 13.77 7.09 0.21 0.00 铌钽锰矿 16.71 59.75 2.11 12.16 9.27 0.28 0.17 铌钽锰矿 14.89 63.92 14.03 7.16 0.23 0.00 铌钽锰矿 31.58 44.48 6.03 9.95 7.97 0.71 0.61 平均 33.40 36.20 2.42 12.78 15.05 0.02 0.08 0.05 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 主要矿物粒度统计
Table 2. Statistical results of primary grain size of main minerals
粒径范围/mm 铌钽锰矿 细晶石 锡石 磷锂铝石 -12.8+6.4 0 0 0 4.37 -6.4+3.2 0 0 0 4.05 -3.2+1.6 0 0 0 6.45 -1.6+0.8 1.92 0 0 23.89 -0.8+0.4 9.53 0 23.87 21.87 -0.4+0.2 27.22 0 6.63 27.67 -0.2+0.1 30.99 3.38 20.89 8.91 -0.1+0.05 17.82 15.54 19.69 2.79 -0.05+0.01 12.52 81.08 28.85 0
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 细晶石能谱分析结果/%
Table 3. SEM energy spectrum analysis of microlite
序号 Ta O U Nb Na Ca F Si 1 53.66 20.07 14.67 7.31 2.02 1.77 0.49 2 51.55 18.42 17.84 6.35 2.49 2.43 0.92 3 47.83 20.81 18.15 7.10 2.18 3.94 4 48.23 21.00 21.15 7.33 2.29 5 51.76 19.47 19.13 5.33 1.96 2.45 6 46.09 21.63 21.25 8.69 2.34 7 52.83 18.28 19.75 4.83 1.91 2.40 平均 50.28 19.95 18.85 6.71 1.20 2.26 0.20 0.56
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 锡石能谱分析结果/%
Table 4. SEM energy spectrum analysis of cassiterite
序号 Sn O Nb Ta Fe Mn Na Al Si 1 76.83 22.45 0.72 2 65.12 23.99 4.42 3.44 1.20 0.79 0.59 0.46 3 72.71 22.07 1.66 2.59 0.97 4 70.88 22.32 2.74 2.45 0.78 0.58 0.14 0.12 5 71.91 21.02 1.35 3.80 0.82 0.56 0.54 6 74.83 22.90 0.76 0.29 0.23 0.99 平均 72.05 22.46 1.70 2.29 0.63 0.23 0.26 0.23 0.16
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 冉子龙,李艳军.伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床成矿作用研究进展[J/OL]. 地质科技通报:1-14[2021-01-03]. https://doi.org/10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0018.
RAN Z L, LI Y J. Research advances on rare metal pegmatite deposits[J/OL]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology: 1-14[2021-01-03]. https://doi.org/10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0018.
[2] 蒋少涌, 温汉捷, 许成, 等. 关键金属元素的多圈层循环与富集机理: 主要科学问题及未来研究方向[J]. 中国科学基金, 2019, 33(2):112-118. JIANG S Y, WEN H J, XU C, et al. Earth sphere cycling and enrichment mechanism of critical metals: major scientific issues for future[J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2019, 33(2):112-118.
JIANG S Y, WEN H J, XU C, et al. Earth sphere cycling and enrichment mechanism of critical metals: major scientific issues for future[J]. Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China, 2019, 33(2): 112-118.
[3] 何海洋, 何敏, 李建武. 我国铌矿资源供需形势分析[J]. 中国矿业, 2018, 27(11): 1-5.
HE H Y, HE M, LI J W, Analysis of the niobium resources supply and demand pattern in China[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2018, 27(11): 1-5.
[4] 徐莺, 余旭辉, 周雄. 川西可尔因地区业隆沟伟晶岩型稀有金属矿的工艺矿物学研究[J]. 中国矿业, 2019, 28(9): 129-135.
XU Y, YU X H, ZHOU X. Study on process mineralogy of pegmatite-type rare-metal Yelonggou deposits in Keeryin area of western Sichuan province[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2019, 28(09): 129-135.
[5] 杨世珍, 黄小强, 张立平, 等. 湖南仁里铌钽稀有多金属矿床经济价值及其找矿启示[J]. 矿产勘查, 2020, 11(9):1894-1902. YANG S Z, HUANG X Q, ZHANG L P, et al. Economic value of Renli rare polymetallic deposit in Hunan Province, and its prospecting revelation[J]. Mineral Exploration, 2020, 11(9):1894-1902. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7801.2020.09.012
YANG S Z, HUANG X Q, ZHANG L P, et al. Economic value of Renli rare polymetallic deposit in Hunan Province, and its prospecting revelation[J]. Mineral Exploration, 2020, 11(9): 1894-1902. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7801.2020.09.012
[6] 周芳春, 苏俊男, 李建康, 等. 湖南仁里钽铌铍稀有金属矿床综合利用评价[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2020, 40(2):112-118. ZHOU F C, SU J N, LI J K, et al. Comprehensive utilization evaluation of tantalum-niobium-beryllium rare metal deposits in Renli Deposit, Hunan Province[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020, 40(2):112-118. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.07.001
ZHOU F C, SU J N, LI J K, et al. Comprehensive utilization evaluation of tantalum-niobium-beryllium rare metal deposits in Renli Deposit, Hunan Province[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020, 40(2): 112-118. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.07.001
[7] 乔耿彪, 丁建刚, 苏永海,等. 新疆阿尔泰山别也萨麻斯一带发现新的锂,铍,铌,钽等稀有金属矿点[J]. 中国地质, 2020, 47(2):542-543.
QIAO G B, DING J G, SU Y H, et al. New lithium, beryllium, niobium, tantalum and other rare metal occurrences in the Beyasamas area of the Altai Mountains, Xinjiang[J]. Geology in China, 2020, 47(2):542-543.
[8] 李美荣, 李波, 梁冬云, 等. 非洲某风化伟晶岩型钽铌矿石工艺矿物学及可选性研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(6):131-134. LI M R, LI B, LIANG D Y, et al. Studies on process mineralogy and separability of a weathered pegmatite type tantalum-niobium ore from Africa[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6):131-134. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.06.023
LI M R, LI B, LIANG D Y, et al. Studies on process mineralogy and separability of a weathered pegmatite type tantalum-niobium ore from Africa[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6): 131-134. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.06.023
[9] 周姣花, 周晶, 牛睿, 等. 重砂分级-扫描电镜-能谱等技术研究湖南张家界黑色页岩贵金属元素赋存状态[J]. 岩矿测试, 2019, 38(6): 649-659.
ZHOU J H, ZHOU J, NIU R, et al. Study on occurrence of noble mental elements in black shale series in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province by heavy placer classification-SEM-EDS and other techniques[J]. Rock and Mineral Analysis, 2019, 38(6): 649-659.
[10] 李荣改, 李彦令, 孙景敏, 等. 河南某铌钽铍稀有多金属矿综合利用研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2020(3):67-72. LI R G, LI Y L, SUN J M, et al. Study on comprehensive utilization of Nb-Ta-Be rare and multi metal ore in Henan[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section), 2020(3):67-72.
LI R G, LI Y L, SUN J M, et al. Study on comprehensive utilization of Nb-Ta-Be rare and multi_metal ore in Henan[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section), 2020(3): 67-72.
[11] 王明燕. 四川某铌钽矿工艺矿物学研究[J]. 矿冶, 2016, 25(4):84-88. WANG M Y. Process Mineralogy of a Niobium-Tantalum Ore from Sichuan[J]. Mining and Metallurgy, 2016, 25(4):84-88. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2016.04.021
WANG M Y. Process Mineralogy of a Niobium-Tantalum Ore from Sichuan[J]. Mining and Metallurgy, 2016, 25(4): 84-88. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2016.04.021
[12] 吴西顺, 王登红, 黄文斌, 等. 全球锂矿及伴生铍铌钽的采选冶技术发展趋势[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2019(1):1-6. WU X S, WANG D H, HUANG W B, et al. Global technical development trends of litihium minerals and associated beryllium-niobium-tantalum exploitation[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019(1):1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2019.01.001
WU X S, WANG D H, HUANG W B, et al. Global technical development trends of litihium minerals and associated beryllium-niobium-tantalum exploitation[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019(1): 1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2019.01.001
[13] 魏均启, 朱丹, 桂博艺, 等. 湖北竹溪岩屋沟-青岩沟铌矿矿石物质组成及铌的赋存状态研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2020(6):153-157. WEI J Q, ZHU D, GUI B Y, et al. Research on mineral composition and niobium occurrence state of niobium ore in Yanwugou-Qingyangou, Zhuxi, Hubei Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6):153-157. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.06.026
WEI J Q, ZHU D, GUI B Y, et al. Research on mineral composition and niobium occurrence state of niobium ore in Yanwugou-Qingyangou, Zhuxi, Hubei Province[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020(6): 153-157. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2020.06.026
-
图(5)
表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 970
- PDF下载数: 78
- 施引文献: 0