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摘要:
这是一篇矿物加工工程领域的论文，研究了内蒙古鄂尔多斯市凯达煤样的粒度特征和矿物组成，并在前期单因素实验结果的基础上，采用正交实验考查了叶轮转速、充气量、捕收剂和起泡剂的用量对浮选完善指标和可燃体回收率的影响。最终采用“一粗一精”浮选工艺流程对正交实验的较优方案进行进一步研究，结果表明：各因素主次顺序为起泡剂用量>捕收剂用量>叶轮转速>充气量；正交实验所得的较优方案为A2B2C3D3，即起泡剂用量800 g/t、捕收剂用量1600 g/t、矿浆浓度60 g/L、叶轮转速1800 r/min、充气量0.175 m3/(m2/min)；在较佳条件下，经过“一粗一精”浮选工艺流程，最终得到了产率49.41%、灰分8.70%的精煤和产率50.59%、灰分74.15%的尾煤。
Abstract:This is an essay in the field of mineral processing engineering. In this essay, the particle size characteristics and mineral composition of the Kaida coal sample in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia were studied. Meanwhile, based on the results of the previous single factor test, the orthogonal test was used to investigate the impeller speed, aeration amount, the dosage of the collecting agent and foaming agent on the flotation perfection index and the recovery rate of combustible material. Finally, the "one roughing and one cleaning" flotation process was used to further study the optimal scheme of the orthogonal experiment. The results show that the primary and secondary order of the factors is the dosage of foaming agent > the dosage of collector > the impeller speed > the aeration dosage. The optimal scheme obtained from the orthogonal experiment is A2B2C3D3, that is, the dosage of frother is 800 g/t, the dosage of collector is 1600 g/t, the slurry concentration is 60 g/L, the impeller speed is 1800 r/min, and the aeration dosage is 0.175 m3/(m2/min). Under the optimal conditions, after the "one roughing and one cleaning" flotation process, a clean coal with yield of 49.41%, ash of 8.70%, and a tailing coal with yield of 50.59%, ash of 74.15% were obtained.
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表 1 煤样矿物组成分析结果/%
Table 1. Timed-release analysis results of coal sample
石英 钾长石 斜长石 方解石 普通辉石 鳞石英 粘土矿物 35.3 3.3 9.4 1.8 2.3 7.5 40.4 
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表 2 煤样筛分分析
Table 2. Coal sample screening analysis
粒级
/mm产率
/%灰分
/%
筛上累计
筛下累计产率/% 灰分/% 产率/% 灰分/% -0.5+0.25 10.25 3.51 10.25 3.51 100.00 42.41 -0.25+0.125 11.37 4.98 21.62 4.28 89.75 46.85 -0.125+0.074 9.12 14.49 30.74 7.31 78.38 52.93 -0.074+0.045 9.84 37.26 40.57 14.57 69.26 57.99 -0.045 59.43 61.42 100.00 42.41 59.43 61.42 合计 100.00 42.41
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表 3 因素水平
Table 3. Factor level table
水平 因素 A B C D 叶轮转速/
(r/min)充气量/
(m3/(m2/min))捕收剂用量/
(g/t)起泡剂用量/
(g/t)1 1600 0.15 800 400 2 1800 0.175 1200 600 3 2000 0.2 1600 800
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表 4 正交实验安排及分析
Table 4. Orthogonal test arrangement and analysis
实验号 列号 叶轮转
速/(r/min)充气量/
(m3/(m2/min))捕收剂
用量g/t起泡剂
用量g/t可燃体
回收率ε/%浮选完善
指标ηWf/%1 1 1 1 1 43.45 34.56 2 1 2 2 2 68.64 52.66 3 1 3 3 3 82.22 54.91 4 2 1 2 3 82.69 55.71 5 2 2 3 1 57.77 45.46 6 2 3 1 2 70.87 53.34 7 3 1 3 2 77.56 54.69 8 3 2 1 3 80.84 52.99 9 3 3 2 1 53.68 41.57 可燃体
回收率K1 194.31 203.70 195.17 154.90 K2 211.32 207.25 205.01 217.07 K3 212.09 206.77 217.54 245.75 k1 64.77 67.90 65.06 51.63 k2 70.44 69.08 68.34 72.36 k3 70.70 68.92 72.51 81.92 极差 5.93 1.18 7.46 30.28 优方案1 A3 B2 C3 D3 83.88 53.80 浮选完
善指标K1 142.13 144.95 140.89 121.59 K2 154.51 151.11 149.94 160.68 K3 149.25 149.82 155.06 163.61 k1 47.38 48.32 46.96 40.53 k2 51.50 50.37 49.98 53.56 k3 49.75 49.94 51.69 54.54 极差 4.13 2.05 4.72 14.01 优方案2 A2 B2 C3 D3 84.82 54.95
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表 5 正交实验各组结果
Table 5. Orthogonal experimental results
实验号1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 优方案1 优方案2 精煤 产率/% 29.01 46.62 59.26 59.40 38.76 48.57 54.70 58.68 36.30 61.38 61.85 灰分/% 12.82 14.33 19.27 18.99 13.27 15.09 17.49 19.84 13.95 20.49 20.20 尾煤 产率/% 70.99 53.38 40.74 40.60 61.24 51.43 45.30 41.32 63.70 38.62 38.15 灰分/% 53.86 66.47 74.37 75.68 60.50 67.29 71.67 73.38 57.54 76.72 76.81 合计灰分/% 41.95 42.16 41.72 42.01 42.20 41.94 42.03 41.96 41.72 42.20 41.79
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表 6 “一粗一精”浮选实验结果
Table 6. Results of one roughing and one cleaning flotation test
实验号
精煤
尾煤
合计产率/% 灰分/% 产率/% 灰分/% 产率/% 灰分/% A2B2C3D3 49.41 8.70 50.59 74.15 100.00 41.81
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