Optimization Research and Industrial Application of Beneficiation Process in a Gold Mine in Gansu Province
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摘要:
甘肃某金矿为维持生产稳定，始终保持较高的磨矿细度，给尾矿筑坝带来一定的负面影响。笔者通过原矿磨矿细度放粗探索，并结合强捕收剂的使用，发现采用戊基黄药替代原组合药剂中的丁基黄药，磨矿细度放粗5个百分点，金的回收率略有提高。小试和工业实验结果表明，粗磨+中矿再磨工艺可以达到原矿直接细磨的浮选指标，而且降低了尾矿细度，优化了粒度组成；且使用戊基黄药替换丁基黄药，并调整戊基黄药和MC的比例至3∶1，可进一步降低了尾矿中金的损失。
Abstract:In order to maintain the stability of production, a gold mine in Gansu Province always adopts high grinding fineness, which has a certain negative impact on tailings damming. Through the exploration of coarse grinding of ore and combined with strong collector, it is found that using amyl xanthate instead of butyl xanthate in the original combination reagent, the grinding fineness was roughened by 5% and the recovery of gold was slightly improved. The laboratory and industrial test results show that the coarse grinding + middlings regrinding process could achieve the flotation indicators of direct fine grinding of the ore. Meanwhile, the fineness of tailings was reduced and the particle size composition was optimized. The loss of gold in tailings was further reduced by replacing butyl xanthate with amyl xanthate and adjusting the ratio of amyl xanthate to MC to 3∶1.
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Key words:
- Gold mine /
- Grinding fineness /
- Middlings regrinding /
- Amyl xanthate /
- Industrial test
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表 1 矿石主要化学成分分析结果/%
Table 1. Analysis results of main chemical components of the ore
Au* Ag* Cu As TFe TS TC SiO2 Al2O3 MgO CaO 1.52 < 2 < 0.01 0.16 4.24 2.79 0.70 60.83 15.59 2.83 1.90 *单位为g/t。 
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表 2 矿石金化学物相分析结果
Table 2. Analysis results of gold phase of the ore
名称 裸露金 碳酸盐及
氧化物包裹金硫化物
包裹金硅酸盐及
其他包裹金合计 含量/(g/t) 0.660 0.034 0.730 0.100 1.524 占比/% 43.31 2.23 47.90 6.56 100.00
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表 3 两种磨矿工艺闭路实验结果
Table 3. Results of the closed-circuit tests of two types of grinding processes
样品 实验条件 产品
名称产率/
%全品位/
（g/t）全回收
率/%现场溢
流矿浆-0.074 mm 86% 精矿 5.40 28.26 88.97 尾矿 94.60 0.20 11.03 原矿 100.00 1.72 100.00 -0.074 mm 79%
再磨细度
-0.038 mm 90%精矿 5.29 28.97 89.25 尾矿 94.71 0.19 10.75 原矿 100.00 1.72 100.00
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表 4 两种药剂制度闭路实验结果
Table 4. Results of the closed-circuit tests of two types of regimes of agent
样品 实验条件 产品 产率/
%品位/
（g/t）回收
率/%现场溢
流矿浆原组合捕收剂
MC+丁基黄药+丁铵黑药
（42+50+30/(g/t)精矿 5.29 28.97 89.25 尾矿 94.71 0.19 10.75 原矿 100.00 1.72 100.00 新组合捕收剂
MC+戊基黄药+丁铵黑药
（23+69+30/(g/t)精矿 5.10 30.19 90.27 尾矿 94.90 0.18 9.73 原矿 100.00 1.71 100.00
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表 5 工业实验期间的累计生产情况
Table 5. Cumulative production during the industrial test
时间范围 原矿品位/（g/t） 回收率/% 精矿品位/（g/t） 尾矿品位/（g/t） 尾矿细度-0.074 mm/% 工业实验前2021-08-01—2021-09-30 1.572 86.63 25.27 0.225 87.0 第一阶段工业实验2021-10-01—2021-11-30 1.537 86.46 25.96 0.222 81.8 第二阶段工业实验2021-12-01—2022-01-31 1.633 87.42 25.72 0.219 81.9
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表 6 两个工艺流程尾矿产品粒度筛分结果
Table 6. Particle size screening results of series Ⅱ tailings
粒级/mm 产率/% 细磨工艺 粗磨+中矿再磨工艺 个别 负累计 个别 负累计 +0.074 13.0 100.0 18.2 100.0 -0.074+0.038 17.8 87.0 13.6 81.8 -0.038+0.025 8.2 69.2 7.9 68.2 -0.025+0.010 19.9 61.0 25.7 60.3 -0.010+0.005 15.1 41.1 19.6 34.6 -0.005 26.0 26.0 15.0 15.0 合计 100.0 - 100.0 -
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表 7 工业实验前后捕收剂成本计算
Table 7. Cost calculation of collectors before and after the industrial test
药剂名称 用量/
（kg/d）单耗/
（g/t）药剂单价/
（元/t）吨矿成本/
元原药剂
制度MC 240 48 16 320 0.78 丁基黄药 215 45 9 190 0.40 丁铵黑药 180 36 18 340 0.66 合计 - - - 1.84 新药剂
制度MC 100 20 16 320 0.33 戊基黄药 300 60 14 200 0.85 丁铵黑药 180 36 18 340 0.66 合计 - - - 1.84
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