贵州毕节林口地区硫铁矿尾矿资源潜力分析

孙百川; 杨瑞东; 罗朝坤; 李鑫正

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2025.02.004

贵州毕节林口地区硫铁矿尾矿资源潜力分析

贵州大学　资源与环境工程学院喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室，贵州　贵阳　550025

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1903500）；贵州省科技厅（黔科合平台人才[2018]5613）项目

详细信息

作者简介: 孙百川（1996-），男，硕士，主要从事矿床学及地球化学研究

通讯作者: 杨瑞东（1963-），男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事矿床学及地球化学研究。

中图分类号: TD981

收稿日期: 2022-08-31

修回日期: 2022-10-22

刊出日期: 2025-04-25

Resource Potential Analysis of Pyrite Tailings in Linkou Area of Bijie, Guizhou Province

School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guizhou, Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China

More Information

Corresponding author: YANG Ruidong, rdyang@gzu.edu.cn

Received Date: 31 August 2022

Revised Date: 22 October 2022

Publish Date: 25 April 2025

摘要

摘要:
硫铁矿尾矿是硫磺矿区的主要固废，其随意堆放不仅占用大量土地资源，还对环境产生一定影响，黔西北毕节林口地区运用土法炼硫已有几十年历史，堆存了大量硫铁矿尾矿，经资料分析和实地调查发现林口地区目前堆放硫铁矿尾矿7 335.72万t。通过对矿渣堆网格捡块采样，利用尾矿地球化学勘查方法，对该地区硫铁矿尾矿进行主微量和稀土元素测试，发现硫铁矿尾矿中TFe、Ti、V、稀土元素已达到边界品位，具有潜在利用价值。通过X射线衍射实验（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）实验，发现该地区硫铁矿尾矿的矿物主要为石英和赤铁矿，且TFe含量为21.36%～38.36%，具有很好的利用前景。同时结合相关文献资料，对该地区硫铁矿尾矿综合利用提出建议，该研究对相同类型矿山尾矿的综合利用具有一定的借鉴意义。
- 贵州毕节 /
- 硫铁矿尾矿 /
- 尾矿组分特征 /
- 资源量估算 /
- 综合利用
Abstract:
Pyrite tailings in sulfur mining area are the main solid wastes, which not only take up a lot of land resources, but also have an impact to the environment. Linkou area in Bijie, northwest Guizhou, has a history of several decades of sulfur refining using the local method, and a large amount of sulfurous iron ore tailings have been piled up, and the analysis of the data and the field survey found that 73,357,200 t of sulfurous iron ore tailings are piled up at present. The main trace and rare earth elements (REE) of pyrite tailings in this area were tested by using the method of tailing geochemical exploration. It was found that TFe, Ti, V and REY in pyrite tailings have reached the boundary grade, which has potential utilization value. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests, it is found that the minerals of pyrite tailings in this area are mainly quartz and hematite, and the content of TFe is 21.36% ～38.36%, which is equivalent to piling up a large hematite deposit, and has a good utilization prospect. Combined with the relevant literature, the paper puts forward to some suggestions for the comprehensive utilization of pyrite tailings in this area. The study has certain reference significance for the comprehensive utilization of the same type of mine tailings.
- Bijie, Guizhou /
- Pyrite tailings /
- Tailings composition characteristics /
- Resource volume estimation /
- Comprehensive utilization

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图 1 林口硫铁矿尾矿微量元素相对中国上陆壳的富集系数

Figure 1.

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图 2 硫铁矿尾矿主要矿物组成

Figure 2.

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图 3 硫铁矿尾矿的XRD

Figure 3.

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图 4 硫铁矿尾矿SEM-EDS

Figure 4.

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表 1 黔西北林口地区不同类型矿渣XRF化学分析结果/%

Table 1. XRF chemical analysis results of different types of slags in Linkou area, Northwest Guizhou

样品	Al₂O₃	CaO	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	P₂O₅	SiO₂	SO₃	TiO₂
黑样	18.74	0.14	50.19	0.13	0.09	25.75	0.03	3.30
褐样	26.35	0.17	30.51	0.14	0.15	35.42	0.02	4.52
红样	18.32	0.05	54.80	0.07	0.11	23.18	<0.01	3.16

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表 2 黔西北林口地区硫铁矿尾矿渣微量及稀土元素化学分析结果/（μg/g）

Table 2. Chemical analysis of trace and rare earth elements of pyrite tailings in Linkou area, Northwest Guizhou

样品	LK-1	LK-2	LK-3	LK-4	LK-5	LK-6	LK-7	LK-8	LK-9	LK-10	LK-11	均值	c.v
Ag	0.09	0.11	<0.01	0.12	0.05	0.09	0.26	<0.01	<0.01	0.14	0.16	0.13	49.56
As	2.60	1.70	4.00	3.10	2.80	2.80	1.60	3.40	12.30	2.20	1.70	3.47	87.07
Be	4.08	2.92	5.76	3.78	6.13	3.35	3.26	5.81	3.61	3.27	5.02	4.27	27.71
Bi	0.05	0.03	0.32	0.11	0.05	0.04	0.01	0.07	0.43	0.03	0.33	0.13	112.31
Cd	0.96	0.15	3.46	1.71	0.66	0.38	1.55	2.98	0.87	0.08	2.86	1.42	84.15
Co	70.70	72.00	65.00	102.50	25.60	70.80	179.50	7.30	35.50	60.90	68.20	68.91	65.29
Cs	1.09	0.63	0.75	0.64	1.07	0.88	0.48	0.60	1.27	0.56	0.97	0.81	31.81
Cu	140.50	89.40	226.00	210.00	130.50	283.00	348.00	43.10	87.70	157.00	158.00	170.29	52.95
Ge	0.51	0.31	0.27	0.35	0.32	0.29	0.27	0.23	0.39	0.31	0.33	0.33	22.97
In	0.18	0.35	0.22	0.27	0.31	0.40	0.58	0.44	0.25	0.31	0.30	0.33	34.06
Li	85.60	47.90	75.10	28.00	120.00	29.30	67.50	104.00	41.30	50.70	87.70	67.01	45.39
Mn	76.00	60.00	62.00	222.00	72.00	91.00	142.00	135.00	82.00	101.00	37.00	98.18	52.55
Mo	4.16	8.74	6.32	9.68	3.79	5.94	3.78	3.15	6.59	5.72	2.31	5.47	42.25
Ni	110.50	198.00	117.50	178.00	48.40	146.00	225.00	30.90	77.60	127.00	144.00	127.54	47.12
Pb	40.50	14.00	17.30	5.50	28.70	10.60	20.60	17.10	14.00	6.60	106.00	25.54	111.60
V	880.00	752.00	958.00	694.00	1 180.00	705.00	1 030.00	951.00	1 220.00	472.00	780.00	874.73	25.49
Sb	1.16	1.13	2.06	0.28	1.26	0.82	1.00	0.84	3.69	0.41	2.18	1.35	72.12
Sc	22.00	23.10	17.20	18.40	37.80	22.40	21.20	19.20	33.20	19.10	18.20	22.89	28.81
Tl	3.26	1.87	0.46	1.66	0.97	0.99	1.14	0.21	0.42	1.60	1.95	1.32	66.44
W	2.90	2.10	4.00	1.90	3.60	2.90	3.20	4.00	4.10	2.50	2.70	3.08	24.96
Zn	16.00	13.00	39.00	57.00	15.00	19.00	10.00	18.00	17.00	9.00	7.00	20.00	74.57
Ba	140.00	54.30	86.80	90.20	102.00	88.30	77.80	53.30	101.00	55.90	74.50	84.01	30.48
Cr	350.00	330.00	740.00	330.00	750.00	540.00	690.00	760.00	840.00	260.00	530.00	556.36	37.91
Ga	44.60	42.60	45.50	29.90	55.70	36.60	36.10	63.60	152.00	33.20	40.20	52.73	65.15
Hf	17.60	16.80	19.50	11.30	24.20	15.20	13.80	24.50	21.80	14.20	18.60	17.95	23.90
La	168.50	49.30	55.40	54.30	91.60	46.80	52.00	90.00	116.50	73.80	72.00	79.11	46.59
Ce	221.00	117.50	233.00	96.30	261.00	134.50	162.50	250.00	208.00	116.50	176.50	179.71	32.48
Pr	39.50	12.70	15.50	13.50	27.20	13.40	13.35	23.40	28.80	17.75	19.65	20.43	41.75
Nd	149.50	47.00	61.90	53.00	114.00	53.50	50.40	95.80	111.50	65.80	81.10	80.32	41.58
Sm	28.10	8.11	13.30	10.75	26.00	11.25	10.55	18.75	19.95	11.65	18.05	16.04	41.45
Eu	4.98	1.82	3.89	2.43	5.93	2.72	2.54	3.84	5.07	2.42	4.58	3.66	37.09
Gd	15.35	6.44	12.00	8.81	18.95	9.12	8.60	14.75	15.65	7.61	14.50	11.98	34.10
Tb	2.38	1.09	1.86	1.43	2.95	1.49	1.52	2.69	2.58	1.21	2.29	1.95	33.20
Dy	15.00	6.47	10.85	8.36	17.35	8.94	9.55	16.95	15.75	7.40	13.25	11.81	33.78
Ho	3.07	1.26	2.12	1.65	3.38	1.74	1.90	3.40	3.27	1.51	2.58	2.35	34.51
Er	9.41	3.55	6.23	4.81	9.96	5.17	5.61	9.94	9.66	4.57	7.52	6.95	34.96
Tm	1.47	0.53	0.96	0.72	1.50	0.77	0.86	1.44	1.42	0.69	1.13	1.04	34.59
Yb	9.13	3.31	6.06	4.41	9.38	4.69	5.46	8.81	8.53	4.37	7.22	6.49	34.05
Lu	1.40	0.51	0.92	0.66	1.45	0.71	0.81	1.30	1.27	0.66	1.10	0.98	34.26
Y	85.20	35.60	63.90	49.60	95.10	51.50	54.70	89.50	107.50	45.80	74.50	68.45	34.08
注：c.v为变异系数。

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表 3 毕节林口地区尾矿库中有用元素潜在资源估算结果

Table 3. Estimation results of potential resources of useful elements in tailings pond in Linkou area, Bijie

元素	平均含量	尾矿量/万t	资源量/万t
Fe₂O₃	31.62%	7 335.72	2 319.55
TiO₂	3.66%		268.49
V	874.73 μg/g		6.42
∑REY	491.27 μg/g		3.60

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