Efficient Separation of Zn2+ and Cd2+ Ions in Solution by the Mechanochemically Activated Talc
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摘要:
天然硅酸盐粘土矿物被普遍应用于净化重金属污染废水及其资源回收。本实验研究主要采用机械力活化技术，有效地提高天然粘土矿物滑石的化学反应活性，实现了混合溶液中锌镉离子的高效分离和回收。滑石在机械力活化后可以释放出大量镁离子和氢氧根离子，并在硫酸根离子的作用下，选择性地将锌离子以羟硫硅锌石的形式沉淀下来。通过调节机械力活化强度、反应温度、滑石用量和金属盐种类等影响因素，获得了较佳条件下锌离子去除量112.01 mg/g，镉离子去除量16.92 mg/g的良好分离效果。机械力活化天然硅酸盐粘土矿物，使其在处置重金属废水及分离回收多金属再生资源中呈现良好的应用潜力。
Abstract:Natural silicate clay minerals are widely used in the purification of heavy metal polluted wastewater and resource recovery. In this case, mechanochemical activation technology has been used to effectively improve the chemical reaction activity of natural clay mineral talc, and enable the efficient separation and recovery of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions in mixed solution. A large number of Mg2+ and OH- were released from the structure of talc, after mechanochemical activation, and Zn2+ can be selectively precipitated in the form of bechererite, in the presence of SO42-. By adjusting the mechanochemical activation intensity, reaction temperature, talc dosage and metal salt type, etc., a considerable separation effect with 112.01 mg/g of Zn2+ removal and 16.92 mg/g of Cd2+ removal was obtained, at the optimum conditions. The mechanochemical activation of clay minerals in nature shows a favorable application potential in the disposal of heavy metal wastewater as well as the separation and utilization of renewable polymetallic resources.
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表 1 滑石原矿的多元素组分/%
Table 1. Components of multi-elements of the raw talc
MgO Al2O3 CaO MoO3 SrO Cl BaO SiO2 P2O5 TiO2 Fe2O3 SO3 K2O 32.09 0.392 1.87 0.006 0.006 8 0.051 1.75 61.23 0.018 0.022 0.966 7 1.58 0.008 
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