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摘要:
某硫化铅锌矿为热水喷流-改造成矿型矿床，脉石矿物主要是白云石。产率40%～50%的浮选尾矿需尾矿库堆存，由于不能扩建或新建尾矿库，矿山的生产面临困难，因此提出全资源化的策略。本研究对磨矿给料中的-15+4 mm粗粒进行重介质旋流器分离白云石，在重悬浮液比重2.1、旋流器压力1.0 kg/cm2的条件下，白云石产率32.70%，含铅0.043%、锌0.16%，铅锌作业损失率分别为1.46%和1.60%，白云石产品经化学分析，满足NBYS19A级耐火材料用白云石。-15+4 mm粒级通过重介质旋流器分离出白云石，可减少32.70%的矿石进入磨浮作业，降低磨浮成本，并实现了白云石的资源化利用，这对推进矿山的全资源化具有重要意义。
Abstract:A lead-zinc sulfide is a reworked SEDEX deposit, in which the main gangue mineral is dolomite. About 40%～50% yield of flotation tailing was need to be stockpiled in tailing pond. Due to the inability to expand tailings ponds or build new one, mine production was facing difficulties, so the strategy of full resource utilization was proposed. In this study, the -15+4 mm coarse-grained fraction of the grinding feed was subjected to a dense medium cyclone to separate dolomite. The dolomite product yield was 32.70% and contained 0.043% Pb and 0.16% Zn at the conditions that the specific gravity of the suspension was 2.1 and the pressure of the cyclone was 1.0 kg/cm2. The loss rate of lead and zinc was 1.46% and 1.60% respectively. The dolomite product met the dolomite of NBYS19A grade refractory material by chemical analysis. The dolomite product was separated from -15+4 mm particles through the dense medium cyclone, and its resource utilization had been realized, which can reduce 32.70% feed entering the grinding and floatation operation, and can reduce the cost of grinding and floatation. It is of great significance to promote the full resource development of the mine.
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Key words:
- Lead-zinc sulfide ore /
- Dolomite /
- Reworked SEDEX deposit /
- Dense medium cyclone
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表 1 矿石主要元素组成/%
Table 1. Main elements composition of the ore
Pb Zn S Fe BaSO4 Au* Ag* As P 0.84 2.92 8.01 4.65 14.21 0.13 11.32 0.42 0.008 Cd In Ge CaO MgO Al2O3 SiO2 烧失量 0.01 <0.001 <0.001 19.11 13.36 1.61 3.86 20.70 *单位为g/t。 
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表 2 某铅锌矿矿物组成
Table 2. Mineral composition of the Pb-Zn ore
矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 闪锌矿 4.350 铁白云石 0.487 角闪石 0.022 褐铁矿 0.167 黄钾铁矾 0.047 方铅矿 0.729 方解石 0.080 电气石 0.014 萤石 0.005 其他 0.390 灰硫砷（锑）铅矿 0.066 石英 1.984 镁铝蛇纹石 0.013 金红石 0.006 合计 100.000 白铅矿 0.048 钾长石 0.014 高岭石 0.013 重晶石 16.020 黄铁矿 10.506 钡冰长石 0.072 磷灰石 0.007 碳酸钙钡矿 0.021 白云石 63.722 绢云母 1.205 菱铁矿（含锌） 0.011 碳酸锶矿 0.001
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表 3 -15 mm粒级金属分配
Table 3. Metal distribution of -15 mm size range
粒级/mm 产率/% 品位/% 分配率/% Pb Zn Pb Zn -2 16.04 1.02 3.02 16.88 14.56 -4+2 6.59 1.07 3.44 7.28 6.82 -15+4 77.37 0.95 3.38 75.84 78.62 合计 100.00 0.97 3.33 100.00 100.00
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表 4 -15+4 mm粒级浮沉实验结果
Table 4. Sink-float test results of -15+4 mm
产品 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Pb Zn Pb Zn 个别 累计 个别 累计 个别 累计 个别 累计 -2.7 mm 0.98 0.094 0.34 0.11 0.10 -2.9+2.7 mm 27.28 0.030 0.034 0.12 0.13 0.91 1.02 1.02 1.12 -3.1+2.9 mm 25.39 0.081 0.061 0.91 0.50 2.37 7.01 +3.1 mm 23.72 2.65 9.80 72.45 70.49 给料(-15+4 mm) 77.37 0.95 3.35 75.84 78.62
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表 5 重介质分选扩大实验结果
Table 5. Results of scale-up test of heavy medium cyclone
产品 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Pb Zn Pb Zn 精矿 44.67 1.61 5.68 74.38 77.02 白云石 32.70 0.043 0.16 1.46 1.60 给料 77.37 0.95 3.35 75.84 78.62
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表 6 白云石产品矿物定量结果
Table 6. Mineral composition of dolomite products
矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 白云石 92.68 黄铁矿 3.16 石英 1.17 铁白云石 1.13 重晶石 0.79 绢云母 0.42 闪锌矿 0.21 角闪石 0.15 碳酸钙钡矿 0.09 方铅矿 0.04 方解石 0.03 钡冰长石 0.03 萤石 0.02 电气石 0.01 金红石 0.01 正长石 0.01 其他 0.05
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表 7 白云石产品主要元素分析
Table 7. Multi-element analysis of dolomite products
元素 MgO SiO2 CaO Al2O3 Fe2O3 Mn3O4 含量/% 19.45 1.34 28.14 0.36 0.94 0.29 NBYS19A MgO SiO2 CaO ≥19 ≤2.0 ≥25
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