Environmental Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Northeast of Huize County, Yunnan Province
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摘要: 按照多目标地球化学填图计划, 云南省地质调查院开展了“云南省滇中-滇东北地区1:25万土地质量地球化学调查”工作, 获得了54项元素或氧化物的含量数据。本文基于此次调查中云南会泽东北部地区的182件表层土壤样品, 参照《土壤环境质量 农用地土壤污染风险管制标准(试行)》(GB15618—2018), 基于新标准本文提出农用地重金属单项污染指数和综合污染指数的计算及其定性赋值方法。对于标准中背景级、筛选级、管制级的定性分级, 在单项污染指数中分别赋值 0、1、10, 而综合污染指数取值为单项污染指数取值的累加。针对研究区5个重金属Pb、Cd、As、Cr、Hg进行了农用地环境质量评价。结果表明, 研究区土壤的pH值介于4.66～8.16, 土壤整体偏酸性; Pb和Cd含量局部高于GB15618—2018规定的污染风险管制值; Cr和As含量局部高于土壤污染风险筛选值, 但均低于管制值; Hg含量均低于污染风险筛选值。为便于重金属单项污染指数和综合污染指数的计算, 本文开发了EGAPI-GB15618软件供参考使用。
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关键词:
- 云南会泽 /
- 重金属 /
- 环境评价 /
- 污染指数 /
- EGAPI-GB15618
Abstract: According to the National Multi-Purpose Regional Geochemical Survey (NMPRGS) project, the geochemical survey project of land quality with a scale of 1: 250 000 in the center and northeast of Yunnan province has been completed. Fifty-four items (including pH, major oxides, and elements) were analyzed in each composite surface soil sample per 4 km2 in this project. Based on the 182 surface soil samples collected in the northeast of Huize county in Yunnan province and the Soil Environmental Quality (SEQ) risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land in China (GB15618-2018), the environmental quality of the study area was evaluated on 5 heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Cr and Hg) using a new single pollution index and integrated pollution index proposed in this paper with qualitative descriptions. For samples with no pollution, screening pollution or controlling pollution, the single pollution index is set to 0, 1 or 10 respectively, and the integrated pollution index is set to the sum of the single pollution index values. The soil in this area is generally acidic, and its pH varies from 4.66 to 8.16. Some contents of Pb and Cd are higher than the environmental pollution control values stipulated in GB15618-2018 for agricultural land. Both Cr and As contents are all lower than the control values although some contents are higher than the screening values of pollution risk. In addition, all contents of Hg were lower than the screening value for agricultural lands. Therefore, it is suggested to control the environmental pollution of Pb and Cd and to monitor the contents of Cr and As in the soil if the area is used for agriculture.Meanwhile, the pollution risk of Hg in the soil could be ignored according to the survey results. To calculate the single and integrated pollution indices proposed in this paper, software named EGAPI-GB15618 was developed non-commercially. -
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