Remote sensing monitoring and analysis of the vegetation phenological characteristics of the Qinling Mountains-Huanghuai Plain ecotone from 2002 to 2020
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摘要: 针对植被物候对全球变化的响应存在非线性、区域差异性以及秦岭南北气候典型差异性,选取秦岭—黄淮平原交界带为研究区,利用2002—2020年MOD09Q1遥感数据,通过自适应动态阈值法提取秦岭—黄淮平原交界带物候特征关键参数,详细刻画区域植被物候时空变化过程,分析时空分异特征,并结合气温数据探究区域植被物候对气候变化的响应。研究结果表明: ①秦淮交界带植被物候特征空间分异明显,森林植被物候始期和末期均晚于农田植被,森林植被物候始期为第67—116天,末期为第280—340天; 农田植被物候始期位于第49—92天,末期为第195—328天; 森林植被生长期长度为215~262 d,农田植被为147~261 d; 且森林植被物候受到海拔影响,海拔越高物候始期越晚、物候末期越早。②2002—2020年秦淮交界带植被物候始期和物候末期时间总体呈现提前的变化趋势、生长期长度变短; 森林和农田的物候始期变化趋势分别为: -0.14 d·a-1和0.1 d·a-1,末期变化趋势分别为-0.78 d·a-1和-1.43 d·a-1。③秦淮交界带地区物候变化特征与区域气温(3月与9月气温)显著相关,根据现有站点观测数据分析表明气温上升导致了区域的物候期提前。Abstract: Vegetation phenology shows non-linear and regionally different responses to global changes. Typical differences exist in the climates between the north and the south of the Qinling Mountains. Accordingly, this study investigated the Qinling Mountains - Huanghuai Plain ecotone zone. Based on the MOD09Q1 remote sensing data from 2002 to 2020, this study extracted key parameters of the phenological characteristics of the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe Plain ecotone zone using the adaptive dynamic threshold method. Then, it described in detail the spatio-temporal change process of vegetation phenology in the study area to reveal the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics. Furthermore, the responses of vegetation phenology to climate changes in the study area were analyzed by combining the temperature data. The study results show that: Significant spatial differentiation characteristics of vegetation phenology existed in the Qinling Mountains - Huanghuai Plain ecotone. Both the start of the growing season (SOS) and the end of the growing season (EOS) of the forest vegetation were later than those of farmland vegetation. Specifically, the SOS and EOS were Day 67-Day 116 and Day 280-Day 340 for forest vegetation and were Day 49-Day 92 and Day 195-Day 328 for farmland vegetation. The length of the growing season (LOS) was 215~262 days for forest vegetation and was 147~261 days for farmland vegetation. In addition, the forest vegetation phenology was affected by altitude. A higher altitude corresponds to a later SOS and an earlier EOS. From 2002 to 2020, the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe Plain ecotone zone generally had early SOS and EOS and shortened LOS. The changing trends of SOS and EOS were -0.14 d·a-1and -0.78 d·a-1, respectively for forest vegetation and 0.1 d·a-1 and -1.43 d·a-1, respectively for farmland vegetation. The vegetation phenological characteristics of the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe Plain ecotone were significantly correlated with regional temperature, especially the temperatures in March and September. The analysis of the data from the existent observation sites shows that the rising temperature advanced the regional phenophases.
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