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摘要:
以浙江省三门湾为研究区域，基于MIKE21水动力模型模拟了三门湾及附近海域2000、2009和2019年的水动力特征，分析探讨围填海工程对三门湾纳潮量及水交换能力的影响，计算结果表明：2000、2009和2019年的最大纳潮量分别为5.06×109、4.95×109和4.85×109 m3, 最小纳潮量分别为1.92×109、1.90×109和1.80×109 m3，平均纳潮量分别为3.55×109、3.39×109和3.21×109 m3。围填海工程致使2000—2009、2009—2019年平均纳潮量分别减小了4.51%和5.31%；通过保守物质浓度扩散来定量分析三门湾的水交换能力，得到2000年半交换周期介于 21～27 d，2009 年半交换周期介于23～29 d，2019 年半交换周期介于23～30 d。湾内保守物质浓度减少90%的时间周期分别为2000年58 d，2009年延长了7 d达到65 d，2019年继续延长至69 d。三门湾的围填海工程削弱了湾内的水动力条件和水交换能力，可进一步影响泥沙输运和水质环境。
Abstract:Taking Sanmen Bay in Zhejiang Province as the research area, the hydrodynamic characteristics of Sanmen Bay and its surrounding waters in 2000, 2009, and 2019 were simulated based on the Mike21 hydrodynamic model, and the impact of the reclamation project on the tidal volume and water flow in Sanmen Bay was analyzed and discussed. The calculation result of exchange capacity proves that in 2000, 2009, and 2019, the maximum tidal volume was 5.06×109m3, 4.95×109 m3, and 4.85×109 m3, and the minimum tidal volume was 1.92×109 m3, 1.90×109 m3, and 1.80×109 m3, on average of 3.55×109 m3, 3.39×109 m3, and 3.21×109 m3, respectively. The average tidal volume from 2000 to 2009 decreased by 4.51%, and from 2009 to 2019, decreased by 5.31%. The water exchange capacity was quantitatively analyzed by conservative substance concentration diffusion. The semi-exchange duration in 2000 was 21-27 d, in 2009 was 23-29 d, and in 2019 was 23-30 d. The time for the concentration of conservative substances in the bay reaching 90% in the three stages was 58 days in 2000. In 2009, it extended additional 7 days to 65 days, and continued to increase to 69 days in 2019. The reclamation of Sanmen Bay has weakened the hydrodynamic conditions and water exchange capacity in the bay. The research results provide a scientific basis for the analysis of the impact of the reclamation project on the hydrodynamic environment of Sanmen Bay, and also a basis and reference for the decision-making of the construction and management of Sanmen Bay.
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Key words:
- numerical simulation /
- hydrodynamics /
- Sanmen Bay /
- tidal volume /
- water exchange capacity
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